The arctic animals that live in the far north survive in some of the harshest conditions on Earth. Winter temperatures plunge far below 0 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 18 degrees Celsius), sea ice drifts across the Arctic Ocean, and darkness lasts for months.
Yet animal life thrives across the Arctic region. From apex predators like polar bears to tiny seabirds nesting in large colonies, Arctic wildlife has evolved thick fur, clever migratory patterns, and surprising survival tricks.
Here are 12 remarkable species that thrive across the tundra, pack ice and cold Arctic waters. These animals live across the Arctic Circle—from the Canadian Arctic and Baffin Island to the Russian Arctic, the Svalbard archipelago, and the icy coasts of east Greenland and west Greenland.
Polar bears dominate the Arctic food web as a powerful apex predator. Their black skin absorbs sunlight while thick fur and fat insulate them against brutal Arctic winter temperatures.
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They roam sea ice and ice floes across the Arctic Ocean searching for their primary food source: ringed seal and bearded seal. As climate change causes sea ice to shrink, these Arctic animals must swim longer distances between hunting grounds.
